In the world of cyber security, effectively processing data and turning it into actionable intelligence is crucial. While the Cyber Kill Chain® and the MITRE ATT&CK Framework are commonly used methodologies, there is perhaps a lesser-known alternative called the Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis. Developed in 2013 by renowned cyber security professionals, Sergio Caltagirone, Andrew Pendergast, and Christopher Betz, this model is an indispensable resource for cyber security professionals. It offers a simple yet powerful way to analyze and document intrusion incidents.

The Diamond Model is composed of four features: adversary, infrastructure, capability, and victim. The adversary represents individuals, groups, or organizations that exploit vulnerabilities to achieve their goals. Capability encompasses the tools, techniques, and methods used by adversaries, while infrastructure refers to communication systems like IP addresses and domain names. Victims can be individuals, organizations, or specific assets such as target email addresses. In addition, it delineates supplementary meta-features that bolster higher-level constructs, while also incorporating measurement, testability, and repeatability to deliver a more encompassing scientific approach to analysis.

Despite its unassuming appearance, the Diamond Model possesses the ability to swiftly navigate intricate and multifaceted details. The dynamics of a threat actor exist in a perpetual state of flux, as attackers continuously modify their infrastructure and capabilities. Moreover, when integrated with the Cyber Kill Chain® and other frameworks, it contributes to the establishment of a comprehensive cyber security framework. This integration facilitates a deeper understanding of threats and strengthens incident response capabilities, empowering a more proactive defense posture.

An example of using the Diamond Model in practice is found here.